Similarly the only positive result from the control group was also from the lower socioeconomic class. were males, experienced only been transfused once and were from the lower socioeconomic class. The only infected child from your control group was a 7-year-old male and he probably acquired it through vertical transmission since the mother also tested positive to HIV antibody. Conclusions: Blood transfusion is still a risk factor for HIV transmission among children with sickle cell anemia in Nigeria. Strategies that will ensure improved blood transfusion security Cholestyramine at health facilities need to be strengthened. = Prevalence of HIV in a previous study (4.52%) d = Standard error 5%. Substitution of the formula gave a minimum sample size of 67. Data management and analysis The retrieved information was transferred into a private computer and passworded. Hard copies of clarified questionnaires were securely locked in a private locker and damaged after the study. Data were anonymized and questionnaires did not require the names of the subjects but were serially labeled. The statistical package for interpersonal sciences (SPSS) version 11.5 (Chicago, Rabbit Polyclonal to MMP-11 IL) was utilized for data analysis. The Chi-square test was used to test statistical significance of categorical variables and a value of less than 0.05 was accepted as significant. Results Sixty-nine subjects were recruited; 40 were males while 29 were females giving a male:female ratio of 1 1.38:1. Sixty-four (64) nontransfused SCA patients matched for age, sex, and interpersonal status served as control giving a male:female ratio of Cholestyramine 0.8:1. There was no statistically significant difference in the sex distribution of the subject and control groups (= 0. 144). The age range of the subjects and controls were 18 months to 18 years and there was no statistically significant difference in the age structure of both the subjects and control (= 0.604) as shown in Table Cholestyramine 1. The mean (SD) age of the subjects was 12.41 (4.49) years and that of the Cholestyramine control 11.28 (4.96) years. Also, there was no statistically significant difference in the socioeconomic status of the subjects and controls (= 0.630). The transfused children received between 1 and 10 models of blood with a mean transfusion rate of 2.5. Twenty-nine children of the 69 subjects Cholestyramine (42%) received only a single transfusion, (23.2%, 16/69) received two transfusions and the rest more than two transfusions as shown in Table 2. Table 1 Age distribution of the study groups Open in a separate window Table 2 Quantity of blood transfusion received by the subjects Open in a separate window Out of the 69 subjects studied, two tested positive to the HIV antibodies giving a prevalence of 2.9% (2/69) as shown in Table 3. Only one tested positive from your control group of 64 SCA patients giving a prevalence of 1 1.6% (1/64). There was no statistically significant difference in HIV prevalence between the two groups (= 0.604). The two positive results among the subjects were males aged 13 years. In contrast, the only positive individual among the control group was a 7-year-old young man. There was no statistically significant difference in the proportion of the subject and control groups that were HIV positive (= 0.604). Table 3 Prevalence of HIV contamination among the study groups Open in a separate window The two positive results in the subject group were from the lower socioeconomic class. Similarly the only positive result from the control group was also from the lower socioeconomic class. Forty-three of 69 transfused patients (62.3%) received blood from paid donors (touts) while 26.1% (18/69) received from first-degree relatives as shown in Figure 1. These children were not sexually active. Open in a separate window Physique 1 Donor source of the transfused blood. The sources of the donors of the various blood transfused to the subjects Forty-five of the 69 subjects (65.2%) subjects sourced transfused blood from your UNTH blood bank alone. The others sourced from.